# Cassandra storage config YAML # NOTE: # See http://wiki.apache.org/cassandra/StorageConfiguration for # full explanations of configuration directives # /NOTE # The name of the cluster. This is mainly used to prevent machines in # one logical cluster from joining another. cluster_name: 'Test Cluster' # This defines the number of tokens randomly assigned to this node on the ring # The more tokens, relative to other nodes, the larger the proportion of data # that this node will store. You probably want all nodes to have the same number # of tokens assuming they have equal hardware capability. # # If you leave this unspecified, Cassandra will use the default of 1 token for legacy compatibility, # and will use the initial_token as described below. # # Specifying initial_token will override this setting on the node's initial start, # on subsequent starts, this setting will apply even if initial token is set. # # If you already have a cluster with 1 token per node, and wish to migrate to # multiple tokens per node, see http://wiki.apache.org/cassandra/Operations num_tokens: 256 # initial_token allows you to specify tokens manually. While you can use # it with # vnodes (num_tokens > 1, above) -- in which case you should provide a # comma-separated list -- it's primarily used when adding nodes # to legacy clusters # that do not have vnodes enabled. # initial_token: # See http://wiki.apache.org/cassandra/HintedHandoff # May either be "true" or "false" to enable globally, or contain a list # of data centers to enable per-datacenter. # hinted_handoff_enabled: DC1,DC2 hinted_handoff_enabled: true # this defines the maximum amount of time a dead host will have hints # generated. After it has been dead this long, new hints for it will not be # created until it has been seen alive and gone down again. max_hint_window_in_ms: 10800000 # 3 hours # Maximum throttle in KBs per second, per delivery thread. This will be # reduced proportionally to the number of nodes in the cluster. (If there # are two nodes in the cluster, each delivery thread will use the maximum # rate; if there are three, each will throttle to half of the maximum, # since we expect two nodes to be delivering hints simultaneously.) hinted_handoff_throttle_in_kb: 1024 # Number of threads with which to deliver hints; # Consider increasing this number when you have multi-dc deployments, since # cross-dc handoff tends to be slower max_hints_delivery_threads: 2 # Maximum throttle in KBs per second, total. This will be # reduced proportionally to the number of nodes in the cluster. batchlog_replay_throttle_in_kb: 1024 # Authentication backend, implementing IAuthenticator; used to identify users # Out of the box, Cassandra provides org.apache.cassandra.auth.{AllowAllAuthenticator, # PasswordAuthenticator}. # # - AllowAllAuthenticator performs no checks - set it to disable authentication. # - PasswordAuthenticator relies on username/password pairs to authenticate # users. It keeps usernames and hashed passwords in system_auth.credentials table. # Please increase system_auth keyspace replication factor if you use this authenticator. # If using PasswordAuthenticator, CassandraRoleManager must also be used (see below) authenticator: AllowAllAuthenticator # Authorization backend, implementing IAuthorizer; used to limit access/provide permissions # Out of the box, Cassandra provides org.apache.cassandra.auth.{AllowAllAuthorizer, # CassandraAuthorizer}. # # - AllowAllAuthorizer allows any action to any user - set it to disable authorization. # - CassandraAuthorizer stores permissions in system_auth.permissions table. Please # increase system_auth keyspace replication factor if you use this authorizer. authorizer: AllowAllAuthorizer # Part of the Authentication & Authorization backend, implementing IRoleManager; used # to maintain grants and memberships between roles. # Out of the box, Cassandra provides org.apache.cassandra.auth.CassandraRoleManager, # which stores role information in the system_auth keyspace. Most functions of the # IRoleManager require an authenticated login, so unless the configured IAuthenticator # actually implements authentication, most of this functionality will be unavailable. # # - CassandraRoleManager stores role data in the system_auth keyspace. Please # increase system_auth keyspace replication factor if you use this role manager. role_manager: CassandraRoleManager # Validity period for roles cache (fetching permissions can be an # expensive operation depending on the authorizer). Granted roles are cached for # authenticated sessions in AuthenticatedUser and after the period specified # here, become eligible for (async) reload. # Defaults to 2000, set to 0 to disable. # Will be disabled automatically for AllowAllAuthenticator. roles_validity_in_ms: 2000 # Refresh interval for roles cache (if enabled). # After this interval, cache entries become eligible for refresh. Upon next # access, an async reload is scheduled and the old value returned until it # completes. If roles_validity_in_ms is non-zero, then this must be # also. # Defaults to the same value as roles_validity_in_ms. # roles_update_interval_in_ms: 1000 # Validity period for permissions cache (fetching permissions can be an # expensive operation depending on the authorizer, CassandraAuthorizer is # one example). Defaults to 2000, set to 0 to disable. # Will be disabled automatically for AllowAllAuthorizer. permissions_validity_in_ms: 2000 # Refresh interval for permissions cache (if enabled). # After this interval, cache entries become eligible for refresh. Upon next # access, an async reload is scheduled and the old value returned until it # completes. If permissions_validity_in_ms is non-zero, then this must be # also. # Defaults to the same value as permissions_validity_in_ms. # permissions_update_interval_in_ms: 1000 # The partitioner is responsible for distributing groups of rows (by # partition key) across nodes in the cluster. You should leave this # alone for new clusters. The partitioner can NOT be changed without # reloading all data, so when upgrading you should set this to the # same partitioner you were already using. # # Besides Murmur3Partitioner, partitioners included for backwards # compatibility include RandomPartitioner, ByteOrderedPartitioner, and # OrderPreservingPartitioner. # partitioner: org.apache.cassandra.dht.Murmur3Partitioner # Directories where Cassandra should store data on disk. Cassandra # will spread data evenly across them, subject to the granularity of # the configured compaction strategy. # If not set, the default directory is $CASSANDRA_HOME/data/data. # data_file_directories: # - /var/lib/cassandra/data # commit log. when running on magnetic HDD, this should be a # separate spindle than the data directories. # If not set, the default directory is $CASSANDRA_HOME/data/commitlog. # commitlog_directory: /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog # policy for data disk failures: # die: shut down gossip and client transports and kill the JVM for any fs errors or # single-sstable errors, so the node can be replaced. # stop_paranoid: shut down gossip and client transports even for single-sstable errors, # kill the JVM for errors during startup. # stop: shut down gossip and client transports, leaving the node effectively dead, but # can still be inspected via JMX, kill the JVM for errors during startup. # best_effort: stop using the failed disk and respond to requests based on # remaining available sstables. This means you WILL see obsolete # data at CL.ONE! # ignore: ignore fatal errors and let requests fail, as in pre-1.2 Cassandra disk_failure_policy: stop # policy for commit disk failures: # die: shut down gossip and Thrift and kill the JVM, so the node can be replaced. # stop: shut down gossip and Thrift, leaving the node effectively dead, but # can still be inspected via JMX. # stop_commit: shutdown the commit log, letting writes collect but # continuing to service reads, as in pre-2.0.5 Cassandra # ignore: ignore fatal errors and let the batches fail commit_failure_policy: stop # Maximum size of the key cache in memory. # # Each key cache hit saves 1 seek and each row cache hit saves 2 seeks at the # minimum, sometimes more. The key cache is fairly tiny for the amount of # time it saves, so it's worthwhile to use it at large numbers. # The row cache saves even more time, but must contain the entire row, # so it is extremely space-intensive. It's best to only use the # row cache if you have hot rows or static rows. # # NOTE: if you reduce the size, you may not get you hottest keys loaded on startup. # # Default value is empty to make it "auto" (min(5% of Heap (in MB), 100MB)). Set to 0 to disable key cache. key_cache_size_in_mb: # Duration in seconds after which Cassandra should # save the key cache. Caches are saved to saved_caches_directory as # specified in this configuration file. # # Saved caches greatly improve cold-start speeds, and is relatively cheap in # terms of I/O for the key cache. Row cache saving is much more expensive and # has limited use. # # Default is 14400 or 4 hours. key_cache_save_period: 14400 # Number of keys from the key cache to save # Disabled by default, meaning all keys are going to be saved # key_cache_keys_to_save: 100 # Row cache implementation class name. # Available implementations: # org.apache.cassandra.cache.OHCProvider Fully off-heap row cache implementation (default). # org.apache.cassandra.cache.SerializingCacheProvider This is the row cache implementation availabile # in previous releases of Cassandra. # row_cache_class_name: org.apache.cassandra.cache.OHCProvider # Maximum size of the row cache in memory. # Please note that OHC cache implementation requires some additional off-heap memory to manage # the map structures and some in-flight memory during operations before/after cache entries can be # accounted against the cache capacity. This overhead is usually small compared to the whole capacity. # Do not specify more memory that the system can afford in the worst usual situation and leave some # headroom for OS block level cache. Do never allow your system to swap. # # Default value is 0, to disable row caching. row_cache_size_in_mb: 0 # Duration in seconds after which Cassandra should save the row cache. # Caches are saved to saved_caches_directory as specified in this configuration file. # # Saved caches greatly improve cold-start speeds, and is relatively cheap in # terms of I/O for the key cache. Row cache saving is much more expensive and # has limited use. # # Default is 0 to disable saving the row cache. row_cache_save_period: 0 # Number of keys from the row cache to save. # Specify 0 (which is the default), meaning all keys are going to be saved # row_cache_keys_to_save: 100 # Maximum size of the counter cache in memory. # # Counter cache helps to reduce counter locks' contention for hot counter cells. # In case of RF = 1 a counter cache hit will cause Cassandra to skip the read before # write entirely. With RF > 1 a counter cache hit will still help to reduce the duration # of the lock hold, helping with hot counter cell updates, but will not allow skipping # the read entirely. Only the local (clock, count) tuple of a counter cell is kept # in memory, not the whole counter, so it's relatively cheap. # # NOTE: if you reduce the size, you may not get you hottest keys loaded on startup. # # Default value is empty to make it "auto" (min(2.5% of Heap (in MB), 50MB)). Set to 0 to disable counter cache. # NOTE: if you perform counter deletes and rely on low gcgs, you should disable the counter cache. counter_cache_size_in_mb: # Duration in seconds after which Cassandra should # save the counter cache (keys only). Caches are saved to saved_caches_directory as # specified in this configuration file. # # Default is 7200 or 2 hours. counter_cache_save_period: 7200 # Number of keys from the counter cache to save # Disabled by default, meaning all keys are going to be saved # counter_cache_keys_to_save: 100 # saved caches # If not set, the default directory is $CASSANDRA_HOME/data/saved_caches. # saved_caches_directory: /var/lib/cassandra/saved_caches # commitlog_sync may be either "periodic" or "batch." # # When in batch mode, Cassandra won't ack writes until the commit log # has been fsynced to disk. It will wait # commitlog_sync_batch_window_in_ms milliseconds between fsyncs. # This window should be kept short because the writer threads will # be unable to do extra work while waiting. (You may need to increase # concurrent_writes for the same reason.) # # commitlog_sync: batch # commitlog_sync_batch_window_in_ms: 2 # # the other option is "periodic" where writes may be acked immediately # and the CommitLog is simply synced every commitlog_sync_period_in_ms # milliseconds. commitlog_sync: periodic commitlog_sync_period_in_ms: 10000 # The size of the individual commitlog file segments. A commitlog # segment may be archived, deleted, or recycled once all the data # in it (potentially from each columnfamily in the system) has been # flushed to sstables. # # The default size is 32, which is almost always fine, but if you are # archiving commitlog segments (see commitlog_archiving.properties), # then you probably want a finer granularity of archiving; 8 or 16 MB # is reasonable. commitlog_segment_size_in_mb: 32 # Compression to apply to the commit log. If omitted, the commit log # will be written uncompressed. LZ4, Snappy, and Deflate compressors # are supported. #commitlog_compression: # - class_name: LZ4Compressor # parameters: # - # any class that implements the SeedProvider interface and has a # constructor that takes a Map of parameters will do. seed_provider: # Addresses of hosts that are deemed contact points. # Cassandra nodes use this list of hosts to find each other and learn # the topology of the ring. You must change this if you are running # multiple nodes! - class_name: org.apache.cassandra.locator.SimpleSeedProvider parameters: # seeds is actually a comma-delimited list of addresses. # Ex: ",," - seeds: "127.0.0.1,192.168.113.33" # For workloads with more data than can fit in memory, Cassandra's # bottleneck will be reads that need to fetch data from # disk. "concurrent_reads" should be set to (16 * number_of_drives) in # order to allow the operations to enqueue low enough in the stack # that the OS and drives can reorder them. Same applies to # "concurrent_counter_writes", since counter writes read the current # values before incrementing and writing them back. # # On the other hand, since writes are almost never IO bound, the ideal # number of "concurrent_writes" is dependent on the number of cores in # your system; (8 * number_of_cores) is a good rule of thumb. concurrent_reads: 32 concurrent_writes: 32 concurrent_counter_writes: 32 # Total memory to use for sstable-reading buffers. Defaults to # the smaller of 1/4 of heap or 512MB. # file_cache_size_in_mb: 512 # Total permitted memory to use for memtables. Cassandra will stop # accepting writes when the limit is exceeded until a flush completes, # and will trigger a flush based on memtable_cleanup_threshold # If omitted, Cassandra will set both to 1/4 the size of the heap. # memtable_heap_space_in_mb: 2048 # memtable_offheap_space_in_mb: 2048 # Ratio of occupied non-flushing memtable size to total permitted size # that will trigger a flush of the largest memtable. Larger mct will # mean larger flushes and hence less compaction, but also less concurrent # flush activity which can make it difficult to keep your disks fed # under heavy write load. # # memtable_cleanup_threshold defaults to 1 / (memtable_flush_writers + 1) # memtable_cleanup_threshold: 0.11 # Specify the way Cassandra allocates and manages memtable memory. # Options are: # heap_buffers: on heap nio buffers # offheap_buffers: off heap (direct) nio buffers # offheap_objects: native memory, eliminating nio buffer heap overhead memtable_allocation_type: heap_buffers # Total space to use for commit logs on disk. # # If space gets above this value, Cassandra will flush every dirty CF # in the oldest segment and remove it. So a small total commitlog space # will tend to cause more flush activity on less-active columnfamilies. # # The default value is the smaller of 8192, and 1/4 of the total space # of the commitlog volume. # # commitlog_total_space_in_mb: 8192 # This sets the amount of memtable flush writer threads. These will # be blocked by disk io, and each one will hold a memtable in memory # while blocked. # # memtable_flush_writers defaults to the smaller of (number of disks, # number of cores), with a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 8. # # If your data directories are backed by SSD, you should increase this # to the number of cores. #memtable_flush_writers: 8 # A fixed memory pool size in MB for for SSTable index summaries. If left # empty, this will default to 5% of the heap size. If the memory usage of # all index summaries exceeds this limit, SSTables with low read rates will # shrink their index summaries in order to meet this limit. However, this # is a best-effort process. In extreme conditions Cassandra may need to use # more than this amount of memory. index_summary_capacity_in_mb: # How frequently index summaries should be resampled. This is done # periodically to redistribute memory from the fixed-size pool to sstables # proportional their recent read rates. Setting to -1 will disable this # process, leaving existing index summaries at their current sampling level. index_summary_resize_interval_in_minutes: 60 # Whether to, when doing sequential writing, fsync() at intervals in # order to force the operating system to flush the dirty # buffers. Enable this to avoid sudden dirty buffer flushing from # impacting read latencies. Almost always a good idea on SSDs; not # necessarily on platters. trickle_fsync: false trickle_fsync_interval_in_kb: 10240 # TCP port, for commands and data # For security reasons, you should not expose this port to the internet. Firewall it if needed. storage_port: 7000 # SSL port, for encrypted communication. Unused unless enabled in # encryption_options # For security reasons, you should not expose this port to the internet. Firewall it if needed. ssl_storage_port: 7001 # Address or interface to bind to and tell other Cassandra nodes to connect to. # You _must_ change this if you want multiple nodes to be able to communicate! # # Set listen_address OR listen_interface, not both. Interfaces must correspond # to a single address, IP aliasing is not supported. # # Leaving it blank leaves it up to InetAddress.getLocalHost(). This # will always do the Right Thing _if_ the node is properly configured # (hostname, name resolution, etc), and the Right Thing is to use the # address associated with the hostname (it might not be). # # Setting listen_address to 0.0.0.0 is always wrong. # # If you choose to specify the interface by name and the interface has an ipv4 and an ipv6 address # you can specify which should be chosen using listen_interface_prefer_ipv6. If false the first ipv4 # address will be used. If true the first ipv6 address will be used. Defaults to false preferring # ipv4. If there is only one address it will be selected regardless of ipv4/ipv6. listen_address: # listen_interface: eth0 # listen_interface_prefer_ipv6: false # Address to broadcast to other Cassandra nodes # Leaving this blank will set it to the same value as listen_address # broadcast_address: 1.2.3.4 # When using multiple physical network interfaces, set this # to true to listen on broadcast_address in addition to # the listen_address, allowing nodes to communicate in both # interfaces. # Ignore this property if the network configuration automatically # routes between the public and private networks such as EC2. # listen_on_broadcast_address: false # Internode authentication backend, implementing IInternodeAuthenticator; # used to allow/disallow connections from peer nodes. # internode_authenticator: org.apache.cassandra.auth.AllowAllInternodeAuthenticator # Whether to start the native transport server. # Please note that the address on which the native transport is bound is the # same as the rpc_address. The port however is different and specified below. start_native_transport: true # port for the CQL native transport to listen for clients on # For security reasons, you should not expose this port to the internet. Firewall it if needed. native_transport_port: 9042 # The maximum threads for handling requests when the native transport is used. # This is similar to rpc_max_threads though the default differs slightly (and # there is no native_transport_min_threads, idle threads will always be stopped # after 30 seconds). # native_transport_max_threads: 128 # # The maximum size of allowed frame. Frame (requests) larger than this will # be rejected as invalid. The default is 256MB. # native_transport_max_frame_size_in_mb: 256 # The maximum number of concurrent client connections. # The default is -1, which means unlimited. # native_transport_max_concurrent_connections: -1 # The maximum number of concurrent client connections per source ip. # The default is -1, which means unlimited. # native_transport_max_concurrent_connections_per_ip: -1 # Whether to start the thrift rpc server. start_rpc: true # The address or interface to bind the Thrift RPC service and native transport # server to. # # Set rpc_address OR rpc_interface, not both. Interfaces must correspond # to a single address, IP aliasing is not supported. # # Leaving rpc_address blank has the same effect as on listen_address # (i.e. it will be based on the configured hostname of the node). # # Note that unlike listen_address, you can specify 0.0.0.0, but you must also # set broadcast_rpc_address to a value other than 0.0.0.0. # # For security reasons, you should not expose this port to the internet. Firewall it if needed. # # If you choose to specify the interface by name and the interface has an ipv4 and an ipv6 address # you can specify which should be chosen using rpc_interface_prefer_ipv6. If false the first ipv4 # address will be used. If true the first ipv6 address will be used. Defaults to false preferring # ipv4. If there is only one address it will be selected regardless of ipv4/ipv6. rpc_address: # rpc_interface: eth1 # rpc_interface_prefer_ipv6: false # port for Thrift to listen for clients on rpc_port: 9160 # RPC address to broadcast to drivers and other Cassandra nodes. This cannot # be set to 0.0.0.0. If left blank, this will be set to the value of # rpc_address. If rpc_address is set to 0.0.0.0, broadcast_rpc_address must # be set. # broadcast_rpc_address: 1.2.3.4 # enable or disable keepalive on rpc/native connections rpc_keepalive: true # Cassandra provides two out-of-the-box options for the RPC Server: # # sync -> One thread per thrift connection. For a very large number of clients, memory # will be your limiting factor. On a 64 bit JVM, 180KB is the minimum stack size # per thread, and that will correspond to your use of virtual memory (but physical memory # may be limited depending on use of stack space). # # hsha -> Stands for "half synchronous, half asynchronous." All thrift clients are handled # asynchronously using a small number of threads that does not vary with the amount # of thrift clients (and thus scales well to many clients). The rpc requests are still # synchronous (one thread per active request). If hsha is selected then it is essential # that rpc_max_threads is changed from the default value of unlimited. # # The default is sync because on Windows hsha is about 30% slower. On Linux, # sync/hsha performance is about the same, with hsha of course using less memory. # # Alternatively, can provide your own RPC server by providing the fully-qualified class name # of an o.a.c.t.TServerFactory that can create an instance of it. rpc_server_type: sync # Uncomment rpc_min|max_thread to set request pool size limits. # # Regardless of your choice of RPC server (see above), the number of maximum requests in the # RPC thread pool dictates how many concurrent requests are possible (but if you are using the sync # RPC server, it also dictates the number of clients that can be connected at all). # # The default is unlimited and thus provides no protection against clients overwhelming the server. You are # encouraged to set a maximum that makes sense for you in production, but do keep in mind that # rpc_max_threads represents the maximum number of client requests this server may execute concurrently. # # rpc_min_threads: 16 # rpc_max_threads: 2048 # uncomment to set socket buffer sizes on rpc connections # rpc_send_buff_size_in_bytes: # rpc_recv_buff_size_in_bytes: # Uncomment to set socket buffer size for internode communication # Note that when setting this, the buffer size is limited by net.core.wmem_max # and when not setting it it is defined by net.ipv4.tcp_wmem # See: # /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_max # /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max # /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_wmem # /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_wmem # and: man tcp # internode_send_buff_size_in_bytes: # internode_recv_buff_size_in_bytes: # Frame size for thrift (maximum message length). thrift_framed_transport_size_in_mb: 15 # Set to true to have Cassandra create a hard link to each sstable # flushed or streamed locally in a backups/ subdirectory of the # keyspace data. Removing these links is the operator's # responsibility. incremental_backups: false # Whether or not to take a snapshot before each compaction. Be # careful using this option, since Cassandra won't clean up the # snapshots for you. Mostly useful if you're paranoid when there # is a data format change. snapshot_before_compaction: false # Whether or not a snapshot is taken of the data before keyspace truncation # or dropping of column families. The STRONGLY advised default of true # should be used to provide data safety. If you set this flag to false, you will # lose data on truncation or drop. auto_snapshot: true # When executing a scan, within or across a partition, we need to keep the # tombstones seen in memory so we can return them to the coordinator, which # will use them to make sure other replicas also know about the deleted rows. # With workloads that generate a lot of tombstones, this can cause performance # problems and even exaust the server heap. # (http://www.datastax.com/dev/blog/cassandra-anti-patterns-queues-and-queue-like-datasets) # Adjust the thresholds here if you understand the dangers and want to # scan more tombstones anyway. These thresholds may also be adjusted at runtime # using the StorageService mbean. tombstone_warn_threshold: 1000 tombstone_failure_threshold: 100000 # Granularity of the collation index of rows within a partition. # Increase if your rows are large, or if you have a very large # number of rows per partition. The competing goals are these: # 1) a smaller granularity means more index entries are generated # and looking up rows withing the partition by collation column # is faster # 2) but, Cassandra will keep the collation index in memory for hot # rows (as part of the key cache), so a larger granularity means # you can cache more hot rows column_index_size_in_kb: 64 # Log WARN on any batch size exceeding this value. 5kb per batch by default. # Caution should be taken on increasing the size of this threshold as it can lead to node instability. batch_size_warn_threshold_in_kb: 5 # Fail any batch exceeding this value. 50kb (10x warn threshold) by default. batch_size_fail_threshold_in_kb: 50 # Log WARN on any batches not of type LOGGED than span across more partitions than this limit unlogged_batch_across_partitions_warn_threshold: 10 # Number of simultaneous compactions to allow, NOT including # validation "compactions" for anti-entropy repair. Simultaneous # compactions can help preserve read performance in a mixed read/write # workload, by mitigating the tendency of small sstables to accumulate # during a single long running compactions. The default is usually # fine and if you experience problems with compaction running too # slowly or too fast, you should look at # compaction_throughput_mb_per_sec first. # # concurrent_compactors defaults to the smaller of (number of disks, # number of cores), with a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 8. # # If your data directories are backed by SSD, you should increase this # to the number of cores. #concurrent_compactors: 1 # Throttles compaction to the given total throughput across the entire # system. The faster you insert data, the faster you need to compact in # order to keep the sstable count down, but in general, setting this to # 16 to 32 times the rate you are inserting data is more than sufficient. # Setting this to 0 disables throttling. Note that this account for all types # of compaction, including validation compaction. compaction_throughput_mb_per_sec: 16 # Log a warning when compacting partitions larger than this value compaction_large_partition_warning_threshold_mb: 100 # When compacting, the replacement sstable(s) can be opened before they # are completely written, and used in place of the prior sstables for # any range that has been written. This helps to smoothly transfer reads # between the sstables, reducing page cache churn and keeping hot rows hot sstable_preemptive_open_interval_in_mb: 50 # Throttles all outbound streaming file transfers on this node to the # given total throughput in Mbps. This is necessary because Cassandra does # mostly sequential IO when streaming data during bootstrap or repair, which # can lead to saturating the network connection and degrading rpc performance. # When unset, the default is 200 Mbps or 25 MB/s. # stream_throughput_outbound_megabits_per_sec: 200 # Throttles all streaming file transfer between the datacenters, # this setting allows users to throttle inter dc stream throughput in addition # to throttling all network stream traffic as configured with # stream_throughput_outbound_megabits_per_sec # When unset, the default is 200 Mbps or 25 MB/s # inter_dc_stream_throughput_outbound_megabits_per_sec: 200 # How long the coordinator should wait for read operations to complete read_request_timeout_in_ms: 5000 # How long the coordinator should wait for seq or index scans to complete range_request_timeout_in_ms: 10000 # How long the coordinator should wait for writes to complete write_request_timeout_in_ms: 2000 # How long the coordinator should wait for counter writes to complete counter_write_request_timeout_in_ms: 5000 # How long a coordinator should continue to retry a CAS operation # that contends with other proposals for the same row cas_contention_timeout_in_ms: 1000 # How long the coordinator should wait for truncates to complete # (This can be much longer, because unless auto_snapshot is disabled # we need to flush first so we can snapshot before removing the data.) truncate_request_timeout_in_ms: 60000 # The default timeout for other, miscellaneous operations request_timeout_in_ms: 10000 # Enable operation timeout information exchange between nodes to accurately # measure request timeouts. If disabled, replicas will assume that requests # were forwarded to them instantly by the coordinator, which means that # under overload conditions we will waste that much extra time processing # already-timed-out requests. # # Warning: before enabling this property make sure to ntp is installed # and the times are synchronized between the nodes. cross_node_timeout: false # Set socket timeout for streaming operation. # The stream session is failed if no data/ack is received by any of the participants # within that period, which means this should also be sufficient to stream a large # sstable or rebuild table indexes. # Default value is 86400000ms, which means stale streams timeout after 24 hours. # A value of zero means stream sockets should never time out. # streaming_socket_timeout_in_ms: 86400000 # phi value that must be reached for a host to be marked down. # most users should never need to adjust this. # phi_convict_threshold: 8 # endpoint_snitch -- Set this to a class that implements # IEndpointSnitch. The snitch has two functions: # - it teaches Cassandra enough about your network topology to route # requests efficiently # - it allows Cassandra to spread replicas around your cluster to avoid # correlated failures. It does this by grouping machines into # "datacenters" and "racks." Cassandra will do its best not to have # more than one replica on the same "rack" (which may not actually # be a physical location) # # CASSANDRA WILL NOT ALLOW YOU TO SWITCH TO AN INCOMPATIBLE SNITCH # ONCE DATA IS INSERTED INTO THE CLUSTER. This would cause data loss. # This means that if you start with the default SimpleSnitch, which # locates every node on "rack1" in "datacenter1", your only options # if you need to add another datacenter are GossipingPropertyFileSnitch # (and the older PFS). From there, if you want to migrate to an # incompatible snitch like Ec2Snitch you can do it by adding new nodes # under Ec2Snitch (which will locate them in a new "datacenter") and # decommissioning the old ones. # # Out of the box, Cassandra provides # - SimpleSnitch: # Treats Strategy order as proximity. This can improve cache # locality when disabling read repair. Only appropriate for # single-datacenter deployments. # - GossipingPropertyFileSnitch # This should be your go-to snitch for production use. The rack # and datacenter for the local node are defined in # cassandra-rackdc.properties and propagated to other nodes via # gossip. If cassandra-topology.properties exists, it is used as a # fallback, allowing migration from the PropertyFileSnitch. # - PropertyFileSnitch: # Proximity is determined by rack and data center, which are # explicitly configured in cassandra-topology.properties. # - Ec2Snitch: # Appropriate for EC2 deployments in a single Region. Loads Region # and Availability Zone information from the EC2 API. The Region is # treated as the datacenter, and the Availability Zone as the rack. # Only private IPs are used, so this will not work across multiple # Regions. # - Ec2MultiRegionSnitch: # Uses public IPs as broadcast_address to allow cross-region # connectivity. (Thus, you should set seed addresses to the public # IP as well.) You will need to open the storage_port or # ssl_storage_port on the public IP firewall. (For intra-Region # traffic, Cassandra will switch to the private IP after # establishing a connection.) # - RackInferringSnitch: # Proximity is determined by rack and data center, which are # assumed to correspond to the 3rd and 2nd octet of each node's IP # address, respectively. Unless this happens to match your # deployment conventions, this is best used as an example of # writing a custom Snitch class and is provided in that spirit. # # You can use a custom Snitch by setting this to the full class name # of the snitch, which will be assumed to be on your classpath. endpoint_snitch: SimpleSnitch # controls how often to perform the more expensive part of host score # calculation dynamic_snitch_update_interval_in_ms: 100 # controls how often to reset all host scores, allowing a bad host to # possibly recover dynamic_snitch_reset_interval_in_ms: 600000 # if set greater than zero and read_repair_chance is < 1.0, this will allow # 'pinning' of replicas to hosts in order to increase cache capacity. # The badness threshold will control how much worse the pinned host has to be # before the dynamic snitch will prefer other replicas over it. This is # expressed as a double which represents a percentage. Thus, a value of # 0.2 means Cassandra would continue to prefer the static snitch values # until the pinned host was 20% worse than the fastest. dynamic_snitch_badness_threshold: 0.1 # request_scheduler -- Set this to a class that implements # RequestScheduler, which will schedule incoming client requests # according to the specific policy. This is useful for multi-tenancy # with a single Cassandra cluster. # NOTE: This is specifically for requests from the client and does # not affect inter node communication. # org.apache.cassandra.scheduler.NoScheduler - No scheduling takes place # org.apache.cassandra.scheduler.RoundRobinScheduler - Round robin of # client requests to a node with a separate queue for each # request_scheduler_id. The scheduler is further customized by # request_scheduler_options as described below. request_scheduler: org.apache.cassandra.scheduler.NoScheduler # Scheduler Options vary based on the type of scheduler # NoScheduler - Has no options # RoundRobin # - throttle_limit -- The throttle_limit is the number of in-flight # requests per client. Requests beyond # that limit are queued up until # running requests can complete. # The value of 80 here is twice the number of # concurrent_reads + concurrent_writes. # - default_weight -- default_weight is optional and allows for # overriding the default which is 1. # - weights -- Weights are optional and will default to 1 or the # overridden default_weight. The weight translates into how # many requests are handled during each turn of the # RoundRobin, based on the scheduler id. # # request_scheduler_options: # throttle_limit: 80 # default_weight: 5 # weights: # Keyspace1: 1 # Keyspace2: 5 # request_scheduler_id -- An identifier based on which to perform # the request scheduling. Currently the only valid option is keyspace. # request_scheduler_id: keyspace # Enable or disable inter-node encryption # Default settings are TLS v1, RSA 1024-bit keys (it is imperative that # users generate their own keys) TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA as the cipher # suite for authentication, key exchange and encryption of the actual data transfers. # Use the DHE/ECDHE ciphers if running in FIPS 140 compliant mode. # NOTE: No custom encryption options are enabled at the moment # The available internode options are : all, none, dc, rack # # If set to dc cassandra will encrypt the traffic between the DCs # If set to rack cassandra will encrypt the traffic between the racks # # The passwords used in these options must match the passwords used when generating # the keystore and truststore. For instructions on generating these files, see: # http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/security/jsse/JSSERefGuide.html#CreateKeystore # server_encryption_options: internode_encryption: none keystore: conf/.keystore keystore_password: cassandra truststore: conf/.truststore truststore_password: cassandra # More advanced defaults below: # protocol: TLS # algorithm: SunX509 # store_type: JKS # cipher_suites: [TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA] # require_client_auth: false # enable or disable client/server encryption. client_encryption_options: enabled: false # If enabled and optional is set to true encrypted and unencrypted connections are handled. optional: false keystore: conf/.keystore keystore_password: cassandra # require_client_auth: false # Set trustore and truststore_password if require_client_auth is true # truststore: conf/.truststore # truststore_password: cassandra # More advanced defaults below: # protocol: TLS # algorithm: SunX509 # store_type: JKS # cipher_suites: [TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA] # internode_compression controls whether traffic between nodes is # compressed. # can be: all - all traffic is compressed # dc - traffic between different datacenters is compressed # none - nothing is compressed. internode_compression: all # Enable or disable tcp_nodelay for inter-dc communication. # Disabling it will result in larger (but fewer) network packets being sent, # reducing overhead from the TCP protocol itself, at the cost of increasing # latency if you block for cross-datacenter responses. inter_dc_tcp_nodelay: false # TTL for different trace types used during logging of the repair process. tracetype_query_ttl: 86400 tracetype_repair_ttl: 604800 # By default, Cassandra logs GC Pauses greater than 200 ms at INFO level # This threshold can be adjusted to minimize logging if necessary # gc_log_threshold_in_ms: 200 # GC Pauses greater than gc_warn_threshold_in_ms will be logged at WARN level # If unset, all GC Pauses greater than gc_log_threshold_in_ms will log at # INFO level # Adjust the threshold based on your application throughput requirement # gc_warn_threshold_in_ms: 1000 # UDFs (user defined functions) are disabled by default. # As of Cassandra 2.2, there is no security manager or anything else in place that # prevents execution of evil code. CASSANDRA-9402 will fix this issue for Cassandra 3.0. # This will inherently be backwards-incompatible with any 2.2 UDF that perform insecure # operations such as opening a socket or writing to the filesystem. enable_user_defined_functions: false # The default Windows kernel timer and scheduling resolution is 15.6ms for power conservation. # Lowering this value on Windows can provide much tighter latency and better throughput, however # some virtualized environments may see a negative performance impact from changing this setting # below their system default. The sysinternals 'clockres' tool can confirm your system's default # setting. windows_timer_interval: 1 # Coalescing Strategies # # Coalescing multiples messages turns out to significantly boost message processing throughput (think doubling or more). # On bare metal, the floor for packet processing throughput is high enough that many applications won't notice, but in # virtualized environments, the point at which an application can be bound by network packet processing can be # surprisingly low compared to the throughput of task processing that is possible inside a VM. It's not that bare metal # doesn't benefit from coalescing messages, it's that the number of packets a bare metal network interface can process # is sufficient for many applications such that no load starvation is experienced even without coalescing. # There are other benefits to coalescing network messages that are harder to isolate with a simple metric like messages # per second. By coalescing multiple tasks together, a network thread can process multiple messages for the cost of one # trip to read from a socket, and all the task submission work can be done at the same time reducing context switching # and increasing cache friendliness of network message processing. # See CASSANDRA-8692 for details. # Strategy to use for coalescing messages in OutboundTcpConnection. # Can be fixed, movingaverage, timehorizon (default), disabled. # You can also specify a subclass of CoalescingStrategies.CoalescingStrategy by name. # otc_coalescing_strategy: TIMEHORIZON # How many microseconds to wait for coalescing. For fixed strategy this is the amount of time after the first # message is received before it will be sent with any accompanying messages. For moving average this is the # maximum amount of time that will be waited as well as the interval at which messages must arrive on average # for coalescing to be enabled. # otc_coalescing_window_us: 200 # Do not try to coalesce messages if we already got that many messages. This should be more than 2 and less than 128. # otc_coalescing_enough_coalesced_messages: 8